A sense of security in city parks. An example of qualitative research of Cracow residents
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24917/20845456.13.13Keywords:
city parks; Cracow; fear of crime; green areas; sense of securityAbstract
The aim of the publication is to present a sense of security for the residents of Krakow, taking into account the sense of security in selected city parks. An additional attempt was made to determine the conditions for the safety of the subjects being examined. The results are based on qualitative research conducted among park users (N = 36) using in-depth interviews. (IDI) Interviews were conducted with respondents of all ages and genders. The research showed a very high level of security by the residents of Krakow in the city parks. The interviews confirmed that security is not the most important problem for the residents of Krakow. A certain type of paradox is observed, which involves reducing the sense of security in the neighborhoods inhabited by the respondents, in relation to the general sense of security which is in contradiction with the subject’s literature. In addition, it has been shown that an important factor affecting the reduction of the sense of security in Krakow is the presence of football club hooligans in the urban space. The interviews are a confirmation of police statistics regarding the increase in the sense of security among Polish citizens over the past years.
References
Andrews, M., Gatersleben B. (2010). Variations in perceptions of danger, fear and preference in a simulated natural environment, Journal of Environmental Psychology, 30(4), 473–481.
Blumer, H. (2007). Interakcjonizm symboliczny. Perspektywa i metoda. Kraków: Zakład Wydawniczy NOMOS.
Bogacka, E. (2017). Problematyka badawcza z zakresu poczucia bezpieczeństwa człowieka w przestrzeni miasta, Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Geographica Socio-Oeconomica, 27, 141–151.
Ferraro, K.F. (1995). Fear of Crime: Interpreting Victimization Risk. New York: State University of New York Press.
Garner, B.J. (1967). Models of urban Geography and Sattlement Location. W: Chorley R.J., Hagget, P. (red.), Models in Geography. London: Methuen.
Guzik, R. (2000). Przestrzenny obraz przestępczości w prasie krakowskiej. W: Domański B. (red.), Studia nad rozwojem lokalnym i regionalnym, Prace Geograficzne, Instytut Geografii UJ, 106, 197 16.
Hale, C. (1996). Fear of Crime: A Review of the Literature, International Review of Victimology, 4(2), 79–150.
Hołyst, B. (2014). Bezpieczeństwo. Ogólne problemy badawcze. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN.
Jorgensen, A., Anthopoulou, A. (2007). Enjoyment and fear in urban woodlands – Does age make a difference?, Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 6(4), 267–278.
Kennedy, L.W., Silverman R.A. (1985). Perception of Social Diversity and Fear of Crime, Environment and Behavior, 17(3), 275–295.
Klamut, R. (2012). Bezpieczeństwo jako pojęcie psychologiczne, Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Rzeszowskiej, Ekonomia i Nauki Humanistyczne, 19(4), 41–51. DOI: 10.7862/rz.2012.einh.26.
Madge, C. (1997). Public parks and the geography of fear, Tijdschrift voor economische en sociale geografie, 88(3), 237–250.
Mak, B.K.L., Jim, C.Y. (2018). Examining fear-evoking factors in urban parks in Hong Kong, Landscape and Urban Planning, 171, 42–56.
Maslow, A. (1943). A theory of human motivation, Psychological Review, 50(4), 370–396. DOI: 10.1037/h0054346.
Maas, J., Verheij R.A., Groenewegen P.P., de Vries S., Spreeuwenberg P. (2006). Green s p a c e , urbanity, and health: how strong is the relation?, Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health, 60, 587–592.
Ostaszewski, P. (2014). Lęk przed przestępczością. Aspekty teoretyczne, metodologiczne i empiryczne. Warszawa: Lex Wolters Kluwer.
Schipperijn, J., Cerin, E., Adams, M., Reis, R., Smith, G., Cain, K., Christiansen, L., Dyck, D., Gidlow, C., Frank, L.D., Mitáš, J., Michael, P., Deborah, S., Grant, S., Sallis J.F. (2017). Access to parks and physical activity: an eight country comparison, Urban Forestry and Urban Greening, 27, 253–263.
Schroeder, H., Anderson L.M. (1984). Perception of personal safety in urban recreation sites, Journal of Leisure Research, 16(2), 178–194.
Siemaszko, A. (2009). Polskie Badanie Przestępczości (PBP) 2007–2009: Analiza wybranych rezultatów, Archiwum Kryminologii, 31.
Maruthaveeran, S., van den Bosch, C.K. (2014). A Socio-Ecological Exploration of Fear of Crime in Urban Green Spaces – A Systematic Review, Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 13(1), 1–18.
Maruthaveeran, S., van den Bosch, C.K. (2015). Fear of crime in urban parks – What the residents of Kuala Lumpurhave to say?, Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 14, 702–713.
Wilczyński, W. (2011). Ideowe źródła i tożsamość geografii. Kraków: Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Pedagogicznego.
Wilson, J., Kelling, G. (1982). The police and neighborhood safety: Broken windows, The Atlantic Monthly, 127, 29–38.
Wolfe, M., Mennis, J. (2012). Does vegetation encourage or suppress urban crime? Evidence from Philadelphia, PA. Landscape and Urban Planning, 108(2–4), 112–122.
Zięba, R. (1999). Instytucjonalizacja bezpieczeństwa europejskiego: koncepcje – struktury – funkcjonowanie. Warszawa: Scholar.
Netografia:
Biuro Badań Społecznych Obserwator, (2015, 12 października). Raport z badań ilościowych „bezpieczeństwo w Krakowie”, zrealizowanych dla urzędu miasta Krakowa wydział bezpieczeństwa i zarządzania kryzysowego. Pozyskano z http://www.ksp.wpia.uj.edu.pl/documents.
https://zzm.krakow.pl/zzm/parki.html. (2018, 22 czerwca)
http://www.policja.pl/pol/aktualnosci/142130,Rekordowy-poziom-poczuciabezpieczenstwa.html. (2017, 24 kwietnia)
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
The submission of a paper to be published is synonymous with an agreement to transfer the copyright free of charge from the author to the publisher. The author also agrees to permit the publisher to publish the paper in printed form, open access online form, digital library form and other digital platforms with which the publisher has or will have a publishing agreement. Furthermore, the author agrees to not limit the number of copies that may be printed or issued by the publisher. In the case of co-authored papers, it is assumed that the corresponding author is authorized to represent the remaining co-authors in this respect. Authors are requested to sign a copyright declaration.
